On Target? Big retailer offers mobile coupons

Taking a spin on the mobile ticketing boom, Target today became the first U.S. national retailer to offer scannable mobile coupons.

The   company announced an opt-in program in which customers text COUPONS to 827438 or the word “Target” and them receive a text message with a link to a mobile Web page that displays a barcode.  The code is good for one-time discounts at Target stores.

The system still has rough edges.  I sent my text this morning and received a link to target.com/cp, the coupon site.  However, it bounced me to the main Target mobile page that featured an online-only offer for a Skulls/Mute Button Pacifier Set.  I thought that was a CD from the latest hard-rockers, but upon searching found it was an warped-humor baby pacifier with a mute-button sign. It doesn’t seem to come with a tattoo.

I was, however, able to scroll down to the Coupon button, get to the right page and sign up for no more than five text messages per month.  I’ve yet to receive one, but one of my colleagues at the Reynolds Journalism Institute recently downloaded a paperless Northwest Airlines boarding pass to her phone.  The TSA is conducting a pilot (no pun, their term) project using  messages with scannable QR codes sent to PDAs and smartphones at 43 airports.  A number of airlines are taking part in the project.  The passenger calls the image to the phone’s screen and waves it over the scanner at the gate, as paper boarding passes are scanned.

The two projects certainly beg the question:  How long before I can scan for a discount on Cheerios at the supermarket?  And how long before my newspaper sends me the coupon?

Five flavors of mobile phone user

The old saw “You can’t please them all” was never more true than in the mobile phone world.  Now Experion Simmons Research has put numbers to that  maxim.
The Simmons 2010 American Mobile Consumer Report divides mobile phone users into five roughly equal groups based both on their usage patterns and their attitudes toward the technology.  
•    Mobirati are the 19% of American mobile phone owners who grew up with cell phones and cannot imagine life without them.
•    Social Connectors comprise a somewhat larger group (22%) for who communication is central to their lives.  For them, the mobile phone is a bridge to their social world.
•    Pragmatic Adopters are those of us who watched cell phones develop during our adult lives – and now learning how much more they can do than did old landlines.  For this 22%, mobile phones are a growing part of daily life, but still more functional than entertaining.
•    Mobile Professionals: This is the Crackberry crowd for who the mobile phone is a vital career tool.  They generally have smartphones loaded with features.  They are 17% of mobile phone owners (which also is about the percentage of smartphones to regular phones in the U.S., according to ComScore).
•    Basic Planners:  The remaining 20% are not into cell phones or the world of technology, but have a basic phone as a simple communications device.
The report provides important information to editors and others about the habits of the various types of cell phone users, but perhaps the most important lesson is just that the five flavors of mobile customer exist.  Even more to the point, there is no dominant type of mobile phone user, so there is not single product or strategy that will reach everyone.  Still, the mobile phone has become an important part of American life, a part in which newspaper organizations can play a role.
You can’t please them all, but you can please them.

Mobile ticketing – a new revenue model?

Juniper research issued a report today that offers a significant shot at a revenue model for newspapers.

The report found that mobile ticketing is growing phenomenally worldwide, but perhaps offers its greatest opportunity in the United States. The technology allows content providers like newspapers to sell tickets to events, services and entertainment, then send a virtual ticket to the buyer’s cell phone. The movie theater, airline or football team then scans the barcode displayed on the phone rather than do the same to the code on a paper ticket.

The full report carries a hefty price tag, but Juniper offers a free and very good whitepaper on the topic.mobile ticket sales

Juniper forecast that nearly 15 billion tickets will be delivered to subscribers’ mobile devices worldwide by 2014, compared to just over 2 billion in 2010.

Mobile ticketing services are developing fastest in the transport sector, with SMS, bar code and, increasingly, smartphone apps  offered by airlines and other transportation companies. In many parts of the world major cinema chains, concert organisers and sports teams are adopting mobile ticketing, because of cost savings and the up-sell revenue potential and convenience for the user.

But look at the attached chart.  One of the laggards in the mobile ticket boom is North America.  That screams of opportunity to get in early on a technology that is already well-developed and readily available.  No geek work necessary.

The tie between newspaper organizations and ticketing is a natural.  We already provide major promotion of events and services both through our editorial content and our advertising.  Providing a link that allows the reader to immediately buy a ticket is an incredible service that does not need to demean the paper’s editorial independence.  Ticket sales are ticket sales for both blockbuster and bomb.  And revenue from that mobile ticket might pay the fare for a hard-hitting news story.

One in 4 use cell phones for news

A third of U.S. mobile phone owners get news on their handsets.   Seeing that 80% of us have cell phones, that amounts to 26% of all Americans using the small screen to get their news.  The stats came out today in the Pew Research Center report Understanding the participatory news consumer.

Although I have to say I expected as much, this national survey is the first I’ve seen to document the extent of cell phone use for news already.  And if you break those figures down a bit, you’ll see they have an even more staggering impact on our industry.

That 26% is a whole lot more than a bunch of iPhone owners.  ComScore said that as of December, only 17% of phones were of the app-loaded smart variety and the iPhone represented less than 7% of the total.   But Pew also said 37% of cell phone users go online with their handset.  What gives?

It means is that a lot of people to whom we pay little attention are using phones to get news of some sort.  A basic phone can still receive text alerts and many feature phones access Facebook, Twitter or other sites with simple browsers.  Some people are paying the per-megabyte fee to access the Web without subscribing to smartphone data plans.

Download the full report, but expect to be overwhelmed.  The mobile phone section is just a portion of a huge set of numbers on everything from Internet use to news junkie profiles to media performance criticism.

QR codes offer a connection to print

I am constantly amazed at how quickly interest in mobile is moving through the newspaper industry. When I set off for the World Mobile Congress, I was hoping against hope that I could get the ball rolling here. When I returned, on of my hometown papers was already rolling along.

Columbia is a small city blessed with two daily newspapers — the Columbia Missourian, staffed by J-School students, and the Columbia Tribune, the larger commercial daily.QR Code

I was still suffering from jet lag Thursday when I opened the Tribune and was greeted by a great QR code project. The front page bore one of the squiggly squares with instructions on how to scan it with a smartphone. Better than that, the story noted that the Tribune had placed QR codes all over town to provide information for the nationally acclaimed True/False Film Festival that started this week.

This is a very good example of how QR codes are being used around the world to link print and digital. I first saw them in London, where they were used on posters in the Underground to link you to movie or theater times and ticket sales. The use of the codes for to provide at-the-venue information for a film festival is genius.  Credit for the idea goes to Tribune photo editor Gerik Parmele.

I’ve sung the praises of QR codes for years, but raised little interest. European and Canadian papers figured out some time ago that this is a very efficient way to link print and Internet.

A QR code is a small, square image of dots and lines that has the ability store huge amounts of data (up to 7,000 characters). Creating them is easy. You just use a QR-code generator like Kaywa or Mobile Bar Codes. Enter the URL, text or phone number or even an SMS message and away you go.   It is easily read by any smartphone that has a camera and a browser.  A list of software available for various phones is on the Mobile Bar Codes site — i-Nigma is the current free app of choice for the iPhone.  Once a phone has the app, you don’t have to take a photo or do other contortions.  You just hold the phone over the code until it chimes and makes the link.

If you are still confused, read How QR codes can save newspapers from obsolescence . It’s a 2008 story that is a bit out of date, but explains the process. There is also a somewhat briefer explanation, “QR-Code and Newspapers”.

The U.S. was fairly dormant on the QR scene until late last year when Google sent out stickers to 10,000 companies bearing a QR code. When customers scan the code (on the front door, a counter, or in an ad etc.), the phone links to Google information about the business. You could easily do the same locally and include coupons or other ads.   Want a soft trial?  Try the phone geek party trick: QR nametags with funny information about the bearer.  Scan and tell all.

The codes are  of special interest to photographers like Parmela. It is a way for a small graphic to quickly take people to a full photo gallery or video. Here in Columbia, the Tribune usually provides a PowerPoint of documentary photos that runs before True/False films.  This year, Parmela was able to provide links to special galleries — some never before published — that are of special interest to people waiting to get into a documentary.  The Tribune marketing department loves it.

There are dozens of other ways to use the codes, including coded fashions and protest stickers. Codes can be in color and can even include graphics by adjusting the colors within the code.  Qreate & Track put together a nice set of examples for innovative uses of QR codes.

But wait, there’s more! Digimarc of Portland, OR, puts a QR-like code that invisible to most people into a photograph. The Portland Oregonian embeds codes into its front-page photos. When you scan the photo, it takes you to a video, another story or a photo gallery. More on this later.

One of my takeaways from the Mobile World Conference was that the new technology does not rush the elimination of old technology, it instead better blends them. The ability to have a hand-held scanner with full access to the Web makes any static media — newspaper, magazine, poster — much richer and appealing.

A few memorable days in Catalonia

Ah, Barcelona.  I took a few days off after the World Mobile Congress; my wife Cecile flew in to meet me; and I spent some time gaining a new appreciation for Picasso, Gaudi, paella and the porron.  Just to prove I can actually have fun, here’s a peek at the other side of my travels.  But duty calls.  I’m heading home Wednesday.

Four helpers who could take U.S. newspaper mobile

The press room is empty, the exhibitors have packed their phones and crews are removing the displays so Barcelona’s tourists can once again see the elegant Palau National from The Avenue.  Mobile World Congress 2010 is over.

I came here hoping to find a magic bullet, some gizmo or strategy that would catapult  U.S. newspapers into the mobile phone age.  I found no magic, but I did find help.

This is not like the myriad  threats newspapers have battled.  By a fluke we were left with very little time to prepare to face a voracious new set of competitors — the mobile phone system operators.

Mobile phones — even smartphones — are not new.  Europe and Asia have enjoyed them for years as the technology got better and better.  The path of cell phone innovation overseas was like one of those gradual 30-degree diagonal lines on a graph.  While that was happening, however, cell phone technology in the United States was frozen by the mobile phone networks, who kept their profits high by only offering low-end phones with their contracts.

The iPhone changed all that.  Now everyone wants a phone that can navigate to the nearest Starbucks or update your Facebook profile.  Fulfilling that demand will be easy — they cell networks just have to import all that technology that was lying in wait across the oceans.  The formerly flat line for the smartphone market in America now looks like a hockey stick — a quick turn and then a rocket upward to join the mobile world.

So while our colleagues in Europe and Asia had the luxury of time to develop their mobile phone news strategies, we have almost none.  Speech after speech at the congress exhorted the cell phone operators to combine the emotional lock they have on an addicted customer base with the incredible data the cell phone system collects to become the most powerful advertising force in the world.

Oh, and to supply the news content while they are at it.

Though the futuristic phones and other gizmos on display here came from Finland, China, Korea and Sweden, I found a small corps of American companies well-positioned to assist the newspaper industry.  One provides the basics, one provides the sizzle, one attracts the advertisers and one brings in the money.  The newspaper industry might be able to do all that on its own, with enough time.  But I don’t think we can buy time — only help:

Handmark: I came 4,700 miles to find help was a two-hour drive from the University of Missouri.  Steve McGuigan is VP for Handmark Software, a firm that has found a slick way of turning Web sites into native mobile applications.  Based in Kansas City, the company has converted hundreds of games and other programs into applications that run on all of the smart phones and even some of the not-so-smart phones.  A few years ago they began to take a hard look at news media sites. The result was sites for Reuters, the Wall Street Journal, and the London Evening Standard.

The Handmark system sucks content from a newspaper’s RSS feed, reformats it, packages it and makes it into a good looking native application (as opposed to a mobile Web page).  “You focus on great content and let us focus on developing the app,” Steve said.  The beauty of the Handmark conversion engine is that it produces equally good apps for the iPhone, Android phones, the Blackberry and Palm.  You could design glitzier apps yourself, but probably not this quickly nor with such an immediate revenue stream.

Did I say revenue?  Ad slots are built into the Handmark apps.  If the paper wants Hallmark to fill them with national ads, the revenue is split 70/30 in Handmark’s favor.  But Jon Maroney, one of the company’s founders, said they would much prefer that newspapers make the sales themselves — and reverse the split.

McGuigan will join us in Columbia April 19-20 for the planned conference of mobile phone editors. E-mail me if you are interested in attending.

Digitmarc:  Dumping you Web site onto a mobile platform is a no-brainer.  But adding features that only a cell phone can access is what will draw attention.

Digimarc is a Beaverton, OR, company that several years ago perfected a system to fight copyright violation of photos.  The photographer embeds a “watermark” that is invisible to the human eye but can be detected with a scanner.

Now Digimarc has used the same technology to link print newspaper content to mobile newspaper content.  The same type of watermark is invisibly embedded in a photo for the print edition.  Readers then use their camera-equipped smartphone plus a Digimarc app to scan the photo.

Presto! The scan automatically opens a Web location on the smartphone — most often to a video or photo gallery.  The Portland Oregonian is piloting the system now.  Sure, it’s a bit gimicky, but it is darned appealing to have the ability to find something in your daily paper that others in the same room can’t read.  What I like about the Digimarc system is that it unites the traditional audience of newspapers with the newest market.

deCarta:  Perhaps the biggest threat to newspapers is the ability of mobile network operators to use their data to micro target advertising.  DeCarta levels the playing field somewhat by offering a software system that allows mobile users to search, say for “restaurants” and get the expected map showing all the nearby eateries.  But the deCarta software also serves an ad from one or more of those points on the map.  It then gives specific directions to the site.  In addition to the fee for serving the original ad, publications can charge a premium for readers who actually downloaded the directions.  If I was the ad manager, I’d also place a coupon in that set of directions.

The deCarta system is a bit trickier to install than the other two helpers.  The good news, however, is that Handmark can wrap it into one of its quick apps.

Visa: It’s all well to put the marketplace in your phone, but the convenience of mobile marketing fades quickly unless the customer has a way to pay for it.  The “pay wall” newspapers want to raise for access to content has been stymied by the lack of a good “micro payment” system.

Enter Visa.  Probably the only thing more common in pockets and purses than mobile phones are credit cards.  Now Visa want to combine the two.  Claudia Parazzoli, Visa’s corporate relations manager, was at Mobile World Congress demonstrating two methods to do this.  One was to replace the microSD chip many phones carry with a chip that carries credit card information and can be scanned at the cash register.  The other was to establish a PIN-activated system that allow mobile customers to pay even small amounts via phone.

Neither of these two systems is novel.  But what I like is the Visa brand behind them.  Americans are very leery about money matters these days.  I think the combination of a newspaper’s good name and the respected Visa brand could actually make micro payments work here.

I would like to think that partnerships with Visa, deCarta, Digimarc or Handmark would instantly mobilize the newspaper industry.  It won’t.  That will take an intensely focused effort by all segments of the business.  I do think, however, that the four represent a home-grown kickstart that could move newspapers along much faster than if they tried to take on the future alone.  Speed is the premium in this case.  The mobile clock is ticking.

Is that one an iPhone? Maybe that one?..

You’ve probably wondered where the iPhone was at the Mobile World Congress.

In my pocket.  And in the pockets, purses and briefcases of several thousand attendees from a wide range of countries.

Apple did not display at MWC, but it was certainly there in spirit.  It was easy to see that Europeans and Asians have taken to the trendy cell phone with almost the same zeal as Americans.

While there was no official Apple booth, there was plenty of discussion about the iPhone at other exhibits.  Both handset makers and network operators credit the Apple device to waking up the world to the possibilities of smartphones and giving the term “app” meaning.

Then there were the clones.  If imitation is the ultimate flattery, Steve Jobs should blush.  There was an iPhone-like model in almost every manufacturer’s lineup.  Many were available in Europe now, many more will hit the stores in the U.S. around Christmas.  Motorola said it will launch 35 new Android phones this year and app-wielding phones will also come in Samsung’s Brada Bada OS, Android and the new Windows Phone 7.  Channel Web posted a great slide show showcasing 10 of the top smartphones to come out of the conference.

Microsoft will market its own branded handset powered by Windows Phone 7.  The operating system is no slouch.  The demo I saw showed it on par with the iPhone on almost every count.  The phone itself will come from Taiwan’s HTC, which didn’t stop there.  Several other companies offered phones that are not quite as sexy, but are a whole lot cheaper.  Inq will market a $140 (no contract, total cost) smartphone in the UK that will run on a $15-per-month data plan.  China’s Huwei woke up the market with a super high speed HSPA iPhone knock-off.  Almost all of the new phones are scheduled to hit the markets before the end of the year.

Christmas will be a treat for technology watchers.

Tiny phone with an alter ego

Not every surprise at the Mobile World Congress was a iPhone-like smartphone.  Modu Mobile’s product stood out by hardly being there at all.

The Modu miniature phone

The Israeli company’s phone is about the size of a matchbox squished flat — too small for a keypad, in fact.  In its native state, users toggle through the phone numbers, songs, etc. with a joystick-like pad.  Want’ something more, er, normal?  Slip the Modu into a “jacket” that features all the workings of a full-sized phone.  You can even slip it into a photo frame or a wristband.

The little phone is sold in several countries but, alas, not the United States.  In other lands consumers simply buy phones and then find a service they like.  In the U.S., the phone selection is controlled by cell network operators.  So far, none of the mobile giants has taken the little guy under its wing.

Newspapers can’t go it alone to compete with mobile

With just one day left to gain insight from the Mobile World Congress, I’ve come to two disturbing conclusions:

1.  The threat to newspapers from the explosion of interest in mobile technology is much bigger than I imagined.

2.   There is very little chance that we will make it into the mobile era without help.
Cell phone journalism was just a novel idea when I applied for this Reynolds Journalism Institute fellowship almost exactly a year ago.  During the ensuing months, the technology changed faster than I could keep track of it.  This week I’ve had a glimpse at a world where the hardware is just an artifact of a social sea change.

A mobile phone is no longer a luxury; for many people it is not even an option. Cecilia Atterwall, head of ConsumerLab for phone-maker Ericsson today said that her research showed that the two most common pieces of technology in the world are the toothbrush and the cell phone.

ConsumerLab also found that 50% of those surveyed would rather share their toothbrush with their partner than share their mobile phone.

For the newspaper industry, the numbers are not the problem – they are the opportunity.  But those numbers, combined with technology in which we have little expertise, have attracted a new set of competitors for our readers and our advertisers.  Google’s announcement this week that it was going “mobile first” was enough to make a publisher shiver.   Competition from the cell phone system operators, however, could be deadly.
Several times I’ve approached a booth at the conference after seeing “advertising” on the display.  The vendors are polite, but they very often tell me that they only work with mobile system operators.

Those operators are counting on the massive databases of personal information that they get from their customers to provide the most finally focused advertising we have seen.  Our Web competition has been from companies that own the content, aggregate the content or search for the content.  Our mobile competition will be from companies who own the information pipeline, along with the key to the personal preferences of all the people who drink from the pipe.  They are at the World Mobile Congress to hone their strategies to become the dominant information an advertising medium.

I do, however, firmly believe that newspapers can compete.  We have content that others here in Barcelona envy.  We also have an enormous advertising sales force that actually goes out and develops face-to-face relationships with local business operators.

Normally we would share the trials of new media development with everyone else in the world.  But by a distinctly American quirk, the U.S. kept itself isolated from the evolution of the smartphone while Europe and Asia were running in high gear.  When the iPhone came out, American consumers began to demand parity with their global siblings.  Because the technology is already well developed abroad, there will be not long lead this time as operators and equipment vendors simply import their answers.  Now.

That’s why I think we cannot maintain a stake in the game alone.  There is no time to find and train specialists to create mobile applications that are more than miniature clones of our current Web pages.  We will need to go to Asia, go to Europe or go to the handful of Americans who have been working on the truly mobilized continents.

Fortunately, there are a few of those Yanks here with the knowledge and experience to make it so for the newspaper industry.  Tomorrow I’ll tell you who and how.